Parts+of+the+United+Nations

__The United Nations__

**The Secretariat** 1. Who are the members?

>  more specifically includes:
 *  the members of the secretariat includes an international organization from all around the world. it is ran by the secretary general.
 * Executive Office of the [|Secretary-General]
 *  [|United Nations Office of Internal Oversight Services] (OIOS)
 *  [|United Nations Office of Legal Affairs] (OLA)
 *  [|United Nations Department of Political Affairs] (DPA)
 *  [|United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs] (ODA)
 *  [|United Nations Department of Peacekeeping Operations] (DPKO)
 *  [|United Nations Department of Field Support] (DFS)
 *  [|United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs] (OCHA)
 *  [|United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs] (DESA)
 *  [|United Nations Department of General Assembly and Conference Management] (DGACM) [|[1]]
 *  [|United Nations Department of Public Information] (DPI)
 *  [|United Nations Department of Management] (DM)
 *  [|United Nations Department of Safety and Security] (DSS)

- What do they do? What topics do they discuss? The UN Secretariat is one of the five main organs of the UN. The UN Secretariat provides studies and faciclities need by UN bodies for their meetings. It carries out tasks as directed by the UN Security Council, UN GA, UN ESC, and other UN bodies. The Secretary General (Currently Ban Ki Moon) is part of the UN Secretariat. The Sec. General can employ staff, and help resolve international disputes, administering peacekeeping operations, organizing international conferences, gathering information on the implementation of Security Council decisions, and consulting with member governments regarding various initiatives. Secretariat staff also inform the world's communications media about the work of the United Nations; organize international conferences on issues of worldwide concern; and interpret speeches and translate documents into the Organization's official languages.

- If it is a voting body, how does it vote? no the secretariat does not vote, they oversee the conference

- When and where does it meet? it meets every year at the model united nations building in new york city.

- What makes it different from other organs? The Secretariat is an international staff working in duty stations around the world — carries out the diverse day-to-day work of the Organization. It services the other principal organs of the United Nations and administers the programmes and policies laid down by them. Basically the secretariat serves the other organs and overlooks the functionality of the UN, It also aids the other UN organs: for example translating, and interpreting speeches. Also, the head of the UN the Secretary General is part of the Secretariat, he (Bani Ki Moon) is the one who oversees all the organs.

- Who are the members? 192 countries are members (all the countries except Morocco and Palestine). - What do they do? What topics do they discuss? The General Assembly passes resolutions to cooperate and maintaing international peace and security.
 * 2. General Assembly**

- If it is a voting body, how does it vote? Yes, it votes by motions.

- When and where does it meet? They meet in NYC, at the UN building every September. - What makes it different from other organs? They are different because most of the countries in the world are a part of the General Assembly, so it turns out to be an universal meeting.

1. The members of the security council are: a. Permanent Members: o USA o France o Russia o China o United Kingdom b. Temporary members: o Bosnia and Herzegovina o Brazil o Gabon o Lebanon o Nigeria o Austria o Japan o Mexico o Uganda o Turkey
 * 3. Security Council**

2. What do they do? What topics do they discuss? a. To maintain international peace and security in accordance with the principles and purposes of the United Nations; b. To investigate any dispute or situation which might lead to international friction; c. To recommend methods of adjusting such disputes or the terms of settlement; d. To formulate plans for the establishment of a system to regulate armaments; e. To determine the existence of a threat to the peace or act of aggression and to recommend what action should be taken; f. To call on Members to apply economic sanctions and other measures not involving the use of force to prevent or stop aggression; g. To take military action against an aggressor; h. To recommend the admission of new Members; i. To exercise the trusteeship functions of the United Nations in "strategic areas"; j. To recommend to the General Assembly the appointment of the Secretary-General and, together with the Assembly, to elect the Judges of the International Court of Justice.

3. If it is a voting body, how does it vote? a. Permanent members have veto power b. All countries have a vote c. All countries can abstain or vote against

4. When and where does it meet? a. Meets in Manhattan, New York at the United Nations headquarters and often as needed

5. What make it different from different organs? a. They have the power to make decisions concerning wars, the UN peacekeeping forces and all threats to international security b. Big 5 has veto power


 * 4. International Court of Justice**

1. Who are the members? President Hisashi Owada (Japan)

Vice-President Peter Tomka (Slovakia)

Judges

Abdul G. Koroma (Sierra Leone) Awn Shawkat Al-Khasawneh (Jordan) Bruno Simma (Germany) Ronny Abraham (France) Kenneth Keith (New Zealand) Bernardo Sepúlveda-Amor (Mexico) Mohamed Bennouna (Morocco) Leonid Skotnikov (Russian Federation) Antônio A. Cançado Trindade (Brazil) Abdulqawi Ahmed Yusuf (Somalia) Christopher Greenwood (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) Xue Hanqin (China) Joan E. Donoghue (United States of America)

Registrar Philippe Couvreur (Belgium)

2. What do they do? What topics do they discuss? International Court of Justice was established to deal with legal disputes submitted by member nations and to give legal advice to other international organizations. They either discuss Contentious Cases or Advisory Proceedings. Contentious cases, or adversarial proceedings seeking to settle a dispute, include frontier disputes, usage of herbicides, armed activities, etc. Some Advisory Proceedings are generally functions only open to specified United Nations bodies and agencies. Some of these proceedings include the legality or threat of nuclear weapons, United Nations expenses, and so on.

3. If it is a voting body, how does it vote? The President and the Vice-President are elected by the Members of the Court every three years by secret ballot. The election is held on the date on which Members of the Court elected at a triennial election are to begin their terms of office or shortly thereafter. An absolute majority is required and there are no conditions with regard to nationality. The President and the Vice-President may be re-elected. In terms of voting on issues, the judges meet in camera and announce their decision publicly.

4. When and where does it meet? It is based in the Peace Palace in the Hague, Netherlands. Generally, the Court sits as full bench, but in the last fifteen years it has on occasion sat as a chamber, and meets when it has a case to be resolved.

5. What makes it different from other organizations? The International Court of Justice differs from the European Court of Justice (the seat of which is in Luxembourg), whose role is to interpret European Community legislation uniformly and rule on its validity, as well as from the European Court of Human Rights (in Strasbourg, France) and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (in San José, Costa Rica), which deal with allegations of violations of the human rights conventions under which they were set up. As well as applications from States, those three courts can entertain applications from individuals, which is not possible for the International Court of Justice.

The jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice is general and thereby differs from that of specialist international tribunals, such as the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS).

Lastly, the Court is not a supreme court to which national courts can turn; it does not act as a court of last resort for individuals. Nor is it an appeal court for any international tribunal. It can, however, rule on the validity of arbitral awards.


 * 5. Economic & Social Council**

Economic & Social Council 1) Who are the members? - Cameroon - Bangladesh - Comoros - China - Congo - India - Cóte - Iraq - Egypt - Japan - Ghana - Malaysia - Guinea- Bissau - Mongolia - Mautritius - Pakistan - Morocco - Phillipines - Mozambique - Republic of Korea - Namibia - Saudi Arabia - Niger - Venezuela - Rwanda - Uruguay - Zambia - Saint Lucia - Saint Kitts and Nevis - Peru - Guatemala - Brazil - Bahamas - Argentina

(Members are also in Western European counties & Other states)

2) They discuss economic, social and related work of 14 UN specialized agencies. 3) Voting requires 2/3 majority and the largest number of votes. Each member will have one vote and decisions of the Economic and Social Council shall be made by a majority of the members present and voting. 4) They meet each July for a duration of 4 weeks, since 1998. They meet at the UN Headquarters in NY. 5) They focus mainly on the economic and social issues as apposed to other organizations that focus on their topics.


 * 6. Trusteeship Council**

1. The Trusteeship Council was to consist of an equal number of United Nations Member States administering trust territories and non-administering states. Thus, the Council was to consist of: - all U.N. members administering trust territories - the five permanent members of the Security Council - as many other non-administering members as needed to equalize the number of administering and non-administering members, elected by the United Nations General Assembly for renewable three-year terms. The Trusteeship Council is made up of the five permanent members of the Security Council --China, France, Russian Federation, United Kingdom and United States.

2. Under the Charter, the Trusteeship Council is authorized to examine and discuss reports from the Administering Authority on the political, economic, social and educational advancement of the peoples of Trust Territories and, in consultation with the Administering Authority, to examine petitions from and undertake periodic and other special missions to Trust Territories.

3. Each member of the Trusteeship Council has one vote. Decisions are made by a simple majority vote. The permanent members of the Security Council have no veto or other special voting privileges. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;">4. Before 1968, the Council held two regular sessions a year, and afterwards, one. Special sessions may be called on the decision of the majority of the members or at the request of the Security Council or the General Assembly. The president and vice-president are elected at the beginning of each regular session and serve for one year. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;">5. In setting up an International Trusteeship System, the Charter established the Trusteeship Council as one of the main organs of the United Nations and assigned to it the task of supervising the administration of Trust Territories placed under the Trusteeship System. Major goals of the System were to promote the advancement of the inhabitants of Trust Territories and their progressive development towards self-government or independence. The aims of the Trusteeship System have been fulfilled to such an extent that all Trust Territories have attained self-government or independence, either as separate States or by joining neighboring independent countries. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;">